Keep your navigation simple by setting up your GPS now.
Before leaving the trail head or your truck there are a few suggestions that I would make.
"Dump the Junk." Delete those old waypoints. Save them to a file or note book. Keep you navigation simple by keeping only the most important data stored on your GPS.
If your GPS has an electronic compass, calibrate the compass if you have changed the batteries; every time.
Clean out the track log. Go to the main menu, select tracks and then clear the log. A really busy log with a bunch of squiggling lines helps no one. On the other hand, at the end of a hike or hunt save that track log to a file. You may be able use in later.
If your GPS has a trip computer reset the values. Most trip computers have an odometer and other readouts that should be reset to zero.
Make sure your GPS and everyone in camp has the same default settings. For example, all your hunting buddies should use the same position format, either Latitude/Longitude or UTM.
Carry extra batteries.
Have fun!!!!
This blog is about teaching, instructing and sharing practical applications to navigation, GPS technology and survival in the backcountry.
Map, Compass & GPS
Monday, September 26, 2011
Sunday, September 25, 2011
Buying A GPS Receiver
Hunting season for archers begins to wind down as October approaches. Some hunters are looking for a new GPS. Here are a few suggestions
I was in a sporting goods store in and watched a clerk recommend a very expensive and complex Global Positioning System (GPS) to an elderly gentleman. The customer simply wanted a GPS that would “get him back to his camp in Oregon’s Ochocos National Forest during elk season. The clerk kept pushing the latest, high tech, touch screen and very expensive GPS receiver.
The customer would have been satisfied with a basic starter model, and it would have served him very well. Instead, he left the store very frustrated, without buying anything.
Buying your GPS receiver is a lot like shopping for your first car. You want reliability and simplicity in providing transportation from Point A to Point B. There are many outdoor opportunities that may impact what kind of GPS model suits your specific needs. As a hunter you need to shop intelligently. Here is what you need to know:
Start with a quick education on common GPS terms, and why they’re important.
- Waypoints – These are your navigation coordinates that you have saved to memory within the GPS. Most receivers will hold 500. That said, you only need to keep a few on your GPS all the time. Use the free program at www.easygps.com to store the rest.
- Find/Go To – This is the navigation function of the receiver. It is this function that will “steer” you to your destination.
- Coordinates: This refers to a geographic grid system and pinpoints your position in the world. The most common is Latitude and Longitude though many outdoorsmen quickly shift to Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) because of its simplicity.
- Compass – An electronic counter-part to your magnetic compass. The GPS compass is dependent on batteries, like the rest of the system, so don't leave your magnetic compass at home.
Every GPS has these basic features. Anything additional are bells and whistles. It will be up to you to determine which ones are functionally important. For example, I am both a hunter and backpacker. I like a GPS with a Barometric altimeter because I use that function to monitor atmospheric pressure at high elevations. I know through personal experiences that when the pressure drops the weather is changing - I may be looking for shelter.
When looking to buy a GPS receiver consider the following:
- Decide how much you want to spend. If you don’t know what a GPS might cost, visit www.walmart.com and www.rei.com to get a good price baseline. Check the manufacturer’s web site (such as www.garmin.com) for rebate offers. Then research the web with for reviews on specific models.
- Ask friends with GPS’s what they use theirs for and what their recommendation would be. One size definitely doesn’t fit all! An avid geocacher would have different needs than a hunter. A hunter might opt for a model with a two way radio such as the Garmin Rino series.
- Older folks and those not “tech savvy” seem to do better with a GPS that has buttons on the front (GarminMap 60 series, the Lowrance IFinder Hunt C, or the PN60 by DeLorme); it seems to be more intuitive. As an instructor, I've found that buttons along the side can become frustrating for people with less steady hands.
To read the rest of this article go here.
To read more posts on backcountry navigation visit www.outdoorquest.biz.
Sunday, September 18, 2011
Free Topo Maps
I like free maps!!!
Joseph Elfelt has been working his map site/project for quite some time. It seems like every four months he makes an improvement to it. It's worth checking out. Give him your feedback.
Gmap4 is a 100% free no-ads no-strings enhanced Google Map viewer. Since it runs online there is nothing to download, nothing to install.
Main features include:
* View detailed topographic maps (USA and Canada).
* Current magnetic declination displayed for map center (world wide, NOAA)
* Print maps. In your browser menu, click File==>Print Preview.
* Powerful search feature. You can search on addresses, names of places or natural features, and any reasonable way to write a latitude/longitude. (world wide)
* Display your GPS data and create a permanent link that will display that same map and your data. You can e-mail that link, post it on a website, include it in an iframe, etc.
The link below will display a world map. To search for something click Menu==>Search. To see the detailed topographic maps (USA & Canada) zoom in and then click Terrain==>MyTopo.
http://www.mappingsupport.com/p/gmap4.php?ll=38.259207,-16.760195&t=t1&z=2
Here is the Gmap4 homepage where you will find examples, links to reviews and sites using Gmap4 to display interactive maps, a detailed Help file and a bit about me.
http://www.mappingsupport.com/p/gmap4.html
Still thinking this might be some kind of scam? See these threads:
http://www.adkforum.com/showthread.php?t=12772 (3,400+ views, 5 star rating)
https://forums.garmin.com/showthread.php?p=48423 (1,100+ views, 5 star rating)
Enjoy,
Joseph Elfelt - Gmap4 author
Joseph Elfelt has been working his map site/project for quite some time. It seems like every four months he makes an improvement to it. It's worth checking out. Give him your feedback.
Gmap4 is a 100% free no-ads no-strings enhanced Google Map viewer. Since it runs online there is nothing to download, nothing to install.
Main features include:
* View detailed topographic maps (USA and Canada).
* Current magnetic declination displayed for map center (world wide, NOAA)
* Print maps. In your browser menu, click File==>Print Preview.
* Powerful search feature. You can search on addresses, names of places or natural features, and any reasonable way to write a latitude/longitude. (world wide)
* Display your GPS data and create a permanent link that will display that same map and your data. You can e-mail that link, post it on a website, include it in an iframe, etc.
The link below will display a world map. To search for something click Menu==>Search. To see the detailed topographic maps (USA & Canada) zoom in and then click Terrain==>MyTopo.
http://www.mappingsupport.com/p/gmap4.php?ll=38.259207,-16.760195&t=t1&z=2
Here is the Gmap4 homepage where you will find examples, links to reviews and sites using Gmap4 to display interactive maps, a detailed Help file and a bit about me.
http://www.mappingsupport.com/p/gmap4.html
Still thinking this might be some kind of scam? See these threads:
http://www.adkforum.com/showthread.php?t=12772 (3,400+ views, 5 star rating)
https://forums.garmin.com/showthread.php?p=48423 (1,100+ views, 5 star rating)
Enjoy,
Joseph Elfelt - Gmap4 author
Friday, September 16, 2011
Exploits, Now Not So Daring
A good friend from SAR sent me David Roberts' editorial from the New York Times.
Are the risk takers depending on Rescue team's too much? I remember all to well watching an Army Blackhawk rolling down the side of Mount Hood as the air crew attempted to pull a stranded climber from danger.
Exploits, Now Not So Daring
By DAVID ROBERTS
Published: September 15, 2011
IN 1955, the great Italian climber Walter Bonatti became trapped by storms on the fifth day of a solo climb on the Petit Dru in the French Alps. He had traversed so far in one direction that he’d cut off all possibility of retreat. A blank wall rose above him. He was beyond rescue and knew it. So he fashioned an escape that has never been duplicated in mountaineering.
Mr. Bonatti tied three loops in his rope and attached a carabiner to each. Then he swung the rope up the cliff like a gaucho slinging a bolo. On the 12th throw, a carabiner snagged in an invisible crack 40 feet above, but a slight tug popped it loose. He tried again and again, until another carabiner finally held fast. He tested the rope with all his weight, then pulled himself up, hand over hand.
The ascent was later hailed by Doug Scott, the great British veteran of the Himalayas, as “probably the most important single climbing feat ever to take place in mountaineering.”
The point is, Mr. Bonatti, who died Tuesday at age 81, fully accepted the dictum of adventure that had been true for centuries, but that may no longer hold: if you get into trouble, you have to get yourself out.
In the last 10 or 15 years, all of that has changed — for the worse, in my view. Thanks to satellite phones, radios, helicopters, GPS’s and other technology, extreme adventurers not only can often be rescued from otherwise fatal situations, but they sometimes count on such a rescue as an emergency escape option.
In 2005, Tomaz Humar, a celebrated Slovenian mountaineer, was stranded by storms on a ledge on Nanga Parbat in Pakistan. His team, with whom he was in regular radio contact, called for a risky rescue at almost 20,000 feet by Pakistani Army pilots flying a high-tech helicopter.
To read the rest of the article go here.
The ascent was later hailed by Doug Scott, the great British veteran of the Himalayas, as “probably the most important single climbing feat ever to take place in mountaineering.”
The point is, Mr. Bonatti, who died Tuesday at age 81, fully accepted the dictum of adventure that had been true for centuries, but that may no longer hold: if you get into trouble, you have to get yourself out.
In the last 10 or 15 years, all of that has changed — for the worse, in my view. Thanks to satellite phones, radios, helicopters, GPS’s and other technology, extreme adventurers not only can often be rescued from otherwise fatal situations, but they sometimes count on such a rescue as an emergency escape option.
In 2005, Tomaz Humar, a celebrated Slovenian mountaineer, was stranded by storms on a ledge on Nanga Parbat in Pakistan. His team, with whom he was in regular radio contact, called for a risky rescue at almost 20,000 feet by Pakistani Army pilots flying a high-tech helicopter.
To read the rest of the article go here.
Monday, September 12, 2011
Your Personal Outdoor Plan
There are lots of articles and posts about letting the responsible person know about your travel plans. Should you not return home on time they are the trigger to begin the search process.
This may be the most comprehensive plan made yet!!!
After the loss of James Kim in the Oregon back country in 2006 I wrote a hiker's trip plan and posted it on my web site. I had input from several valued sources. I wanted something better for the wilderness traveler than a note to a neighbor. My intent was to provide the search responders something valuable to go by.
In far too many SAR missions, the reporting party has little information for the searchers to go on to begin their search.
My plan can be found here. It is a basic .pdf form.
Suggestions are certainly welcome.
Today, while reading a Linkedin email, I received a tip on what might be the most complete plan yet. It's from Paul Kirtley's blog. He is an experienced bush craft author in the UK. This plan is much like the hiker's flight plan. It includes a place for a picture of the hiker, data for one's route and much more.
Check out Paul Kirtley's plan here.
Still, that responsible person plays a huge role in contacting authorities to begin a search. My recommendation would be to pick a person that will make the 911 phone call without hesitation.
Travel safely.
This may be the most comprehensive plan made yet!!!
After the loss of James Kim in the Oregon back country in 2006 I wrote a hiker's trip plan and posted it on my web site. I had input from several valued sources. I wanted something better for the wilderness traveler than a note to a neighbor. My intent was to provide the search responders something valuable to go by.
In far too many SAR missions, the reporting party has little information for the searchers to go on to begin their search.
My plan can be found here. It is a basic .pdf form.
Suggestions are certainly welcome.
Today, while reading a Linkedin email, I received a tip on what might be the most complete plan yet. It's from Paul Kirtley's blog. He is an experienced bush craft author in the UK. This plan is much like the hiker's flight plan. It includes a place for a picture of the hiker, data for one's route and much more.
Check out Paul Kirtley's plan here.
911 Call center |
Travel safely.
Saturday, September 10, 2011
Understanding Magnetic Declination
What is declination? How do you compensate for it?
“Declination: A Noun. The horizontal angle between the true geographic North Pole and the magnetic North Pole, as figured from a specific point on the Earth.” |
Declination is a term that causes “brain cramps” for many of my students in my map and compass classes. When I mention Magnetic Declination eyes roll.
The web site www.magnetic-declination.com has an excellent discussion of what declination is and what causes it:
“Magnetic declination varies both from place to place, and with the passage of time. As a traveler cruises the east coast of the United States, for example, the declination varies from 20 degrees west (in Maine) to zero (in Florida), to 10 degrees east (in Texas), meaning a compass adjusted at the beginning of the journey would have a true north error of over 30 degrees if not adjusted for the changing declination. The magnetic declination in a given area will change slowly over time, possibly as much as 2-25 degrees every hundred years or so, depending upon how far from the magnetic poles it is. Complex fluid motion in the outer core of the Earth (the molten metallic region that lies from 2800 to 5000 km below the Earth's surface) causes the magnetic field to change slowly with time. This change is known as secular variation. Because of secular variation, declination values shown on old topographic, marine and aeronautical charts need to be updated if they are to be used without large errors. Unfortunately, the annual change corrections given on most of these maps cannot be applied reliably if the maps are more than a few years old since the secular variation also changes with time in an unpredictable manner.”
Much of land navigation is based on the relationship to the North Pole; also known as “true north. The measure of degrees of direction in relation to true north is called “degrees true.” Maps are laid out in degrees true. Land features (buttes, mountains, streams) on a topographic map are in reference to degrees true. By that I mean the bearing from one mountain peak to another will be referenced in degrees true. The map below illustrates that point.
Magnetic compasses do not point to true north (the North Pole); the magnetic needle points to an area that could be considered the magnetic North Pole.
To read the complete article go here.
Thursday, September 8, 2011
Another Solar Flare
WASHINGTON -- Forecasters say a new solar flare should provide only a glancing blow on Earth on Friday and is unlikely to cause any problems.
The National Weather Service's Space Weather Prediction Center says northern lights may be slightly more visible, but there should be no radio, satellite or electrical grid disruptions.
They say the flare that erupted from a sunspot Tuesday is fairly big, but most of it will miss Earth, going far above the planet.
Senior forecaster Norm Cohen said the flare should arrive around 1:30 p.m. EDT Friday, but is nothing to worry about.
The National Weather Service's Space Weather Prediction Center says northern lights may be slightly more visible, but there should be no radio, satellite or electrical grid disruptions.
They say the flare that erupted from a sunspot Tuesday is fairly big, but most of it will miss Earth, going far above the planet.
Senior forecaster Norm Cohen said the flare should arrive around 1:30 p.m. EDT Friday, but is nothing to worry about.
Wednesday, September 7, 2011
What Should You Carry
As summer winds down with Labor Day behind us, a new group of backcountry travelers have moved into the woods – hunters.
All too often, SAR teams locate folks that are lost, poorly prepared and are not carrying the right gear. It’s carrying the right gear in the backcountry that I’d like to focus on for a moment.
Check lists for hunters abound on the Internet. You can find suggested equipment checklists on forums and chat rooms, retailer’s and outfitter’s websites. All good stuff.
Personally, I like to use a modified form of the “ten essentials” as my base line of what to carry; note that I said modified. Here is what I use as my baseline:
- Navigation (map, compass & GPS)
- Sun protection (Sun screen, sunglasses, a hat)
- Insulation (extra cloth)
- Illumination (head lamp, flash light)
- First-aid supplies (Check with the Red Cross’ web site or McCann’s book listed below)
- Fire starting material (metal match, cotton balls soak with petroleum jelly, REI’s storm proof matches, BIC lighter)
- Repair kit and tools
- Nutrition (extra food)
- Hydration (extra water) & filtration system
- Emergency shelter (not a space blanket but a windproof water proof shelter, and a blue poly tarp)
I’ll add to the list by including:
- Communications (signal mirror, a SPOT or ACR locator beacon, cell phone)_
I’ll take this list two steps further by checking two of my favorite reference books:
- Surviving a Wilderness Emergency by Peter Kummerfeldt
- Build the Perfect Survival Kit by John D. McCann
The intent of carrying all this gear is that should you have to spend the unintended night or nights out you will be prepared. You may not be comfortable but you'll have far better odds at surviving.
I also recommend you involve children in the development of your family’s gear check list. Listen to their recommendations. Have them carry their gear too. Start them early and teach them what you know. Let them participate.
Have fun and be safe.
Tuesday, September 6, 2011
Survival Knife Review: the Mora
What makes for a great, affordable survival knife?
I am a big fan of the Mora knife. It is affordable and it sharpens quickly. I carry one in my SAR pack and hiker's day pack.
Is a Mora better than my prized old Buck knife from the '70s - probably not. That said, it's a fine knife.
I was digging through my friend Leon's site at www.survivalcommonsense.com and thought his article was certainly worth the review.
by Leon Pantenburg
Currently, the rage among some survival schools is the Mora, a small, inexpensive Scandinavian-style sheath knife with a four-inch blade and a large, easy-to-hold
handle. Personally, I think they’re great, and I generally have a Mora close at hand.
It’s all because newspaper guys, like me, research stuff. Sometimes we gather information, statistics and data for no apparent reason, and with a vague idea of what the info might be someday be used for.
That was the case several years ago when I bought my first Mora knife.
While I will never give up my folders, I was looking for a small, inexpensive sheath knife that could be recommended to Boy Scouts.
The knife had to be an all-around, do-everything tool. It would be used for a variety of tasks, which could include whittling, cleaning fish and small game, meat-cutting and peeling potatoes. It needed to be lightweight and small enough to be carried conveniently.
To read the rest of Leon's post go here.
I am a big fan of the Mora knife. It is affordable and it sharpens quickly. I carry one in my SAR pack and hiker's day pack.
Is a Mora better than my prized old Buck knife from the '70s - probably not. That said, it's a fine knife.
I was digging through my friend Leon's site at www.survivalcommonsense.com and thought his article was certainly worth the review.
by Leon Pantenburg
Currently, the rage among some survival schools is the Mora, a small, inexpensive Scandinavian-style sheath knife with a four-inch blade and a large, easy-to-hold
It’s all because newspaper guys, like me, research stuff. Sometimes we gather information, statistics and data for no apparent reason, and with a vague idea of what the info might be someday be used for.
That was the case several years ago when I bought my first Mora knife.
While I will never give up my folders, I was looking for a small, inexpensive sheath knife that could be recommended to Boy Scouts.
The knife had to be an all-around, do-everything tool. It would be used for a variety of tasks, which could include whittling, cleaning fish and small game, meat-cutting and peeling potatoes. It needed to be lightweight and small enough to be carried conveniently.
To read the rest of Leon's post go here.
Sunday, September 4, 2011
Staying Found Is Better Than Being Lost
A follow-up to Kummerfeldt's article.
I appreciate Peter Kummerfeldts's recent article about staying found.
I especially appreciate his discussion of boundaries in the first two paragraphs.
In previous posts I discussed large terrain and man made features such as rivers, ridge lines, and roads and called them hand rails. That is accurate.
The discussion of boundaries applies to hand rails too. Peter lays it out well when he says:
"....before you leave your vehicle or camp. Then identify the boundaries that surround the area in which you will be traveling. These boundaries could be prominent roads, railways, power lines or large rivers. Preferably you should identify boundaries on all four sides of the area you will be in."
This isn't rocket science...just great common sense.
We all need a healthy dose of common sense before heading into the wilderness.
I appreciate Peter Kummerfeldts's recent article about staying found.
I especially appreciate his discussion of boundaries in the first two paragraphs.
In previous posts I discussed large terrain and man made features such as rivers, ridge lines, and roads and called them hand rails. That is accurate.
The discussion of boundaries applies to hand rails too. Peter lays it out well when he says:
"....before you leave your vehicle or camp. Then identify the boundaries that surround the area in which you will be traveling. These boundaries could be prominent roads, railways, power lines or large rivers. Preferably you should identify boundaries on all four sides of the area you will be in."
This isn't rocket science...just great common sense.
We all need a healthy dose of common sense before heading into the wilderness.
Friday, September 2, 2011
Staying Found Is Better Than Being Lost
Staying found in the backcountry.
By Peter Kummerfeldt
All outdoor users should carry and know how to use a map and compass before they go off into the backcountry. The first step in staying found is locating your position, and marking that position on your map, before you leave your vehicle or camp. Then identify the boundaries that surround the area in which you will be traveling. These boundaries could be prominent roads, railways, power lines or large rivers. Preferably you should identify boundaries on all four sides of the area you will be in. Having located yourself on the map and knowing the boundaries, you can then leave camp with the knowledge that, if you get lost, all you have to do is determine which boundary is closest and walk a straight line to it. Then relocate yourself and return to your vehicle or camp. Sometimes this can be a very long walk out!
Many people experience great difficulty walking a straight line and have wandered in circles until exhausted. The simplest way to walk a straight line is to use a compass, preferably an “orienteering compass.” Having determined the direction to the nearest boundary, point the “direction of travel arrow” towards your destination then turn the dial of the compass until “N” coincides with the north end of the compass needle. Follow the direction indicated by the direction-of-travel arrow always keeping the north end of the compass needle and the orienteering arrow aligned. Look up, sight on a landmark, and walk to it. Repeat these steps until you reach the boundary and can relocate yourself. In some areas only one significant boundary may be present. In this situation, determine, before you leave camp, the direction you will have to travel to get to the boundary in the event you become disoriented.
To read the rest of Peter's article go here.